Philosophy of Ethics Essay - 2233 Words

The word â€Å"ethics† comes from Greek ethikas meaning character. Today, we use ethics to describe the normative standard of behavior. The history of philosophical ethics has been broken up into five rational methods: Virtue, Traditional, Modern, and Post-Modern Ethics. Within these periods, the philosophy of ethics changed along with the changes being made within society. The first rational method is Virtue Ethics. The major philosophers during this period were materialists such as Plato, Aristotle, Epicurus, and Plutarch. Greek were concerned with finding eudaimonia meaning the good life, but what is the good life? Known as the greatest Western philosopher, Plato developed the Cardinal Virtues: Justice, Courage, Moderation, and†¦show more content†¦One of the last major philosophers of Virtue Ethics was Plutarch who advocated virtue but disagreed with Epicurus because he believed there was no true pleasure. At this same time, between 400 B.C.- 40 B.C. Stoic philosophers such Cicero, who combined the philosophies of Aristotle and Plato, developed his idea on ethics and how everyone has a duty and should imitate virtue for others. He said duty has two points which are to achieve the Supreme Good, and follow the rules for daily living. Cicero was a strong believer in rationality incorporated Plato’s Cardinal Virtues into his three rules of conduct: master desires through reason, know true value of goals and be moderate in actions and lifestyle. Following Virtue Ethics, a major shift occurred in thinking. The philosophers of Virtue Ethics were materialists and believed we only have what we have and after death, we have nothing. Traditional Ethics shifted the focus on religion once it began to spread. Also known as Biblical Ethics, philosophers started a systematic study of Biblical themes and principles surrounding ethics and morality. St. Augustine was trained as a philosopher and combines his understanding of the Bible to e thics by answering the same question as Plato and Aristotle did, â€Å"What is the highest good?† He answered this question with happiness just like Aristotle but since AristotleShow MoreRelatedEthics Philosophy : Ethics And Ethics Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesEthics Philosophy A personal ethics philosophy helps a person to maintain and employ good morals and values that are important in a one’s life. Understanding the importance of ethics is critical in order to consciously work to develop and effectively utilize ethics. Therefore, accepting the importance of one’s ethical philosophy will result in ethical decision-making, therefore developing the ability to put ethical theory into practice create ethical conditions albeit, personal and professionalRead MoreEthical Philosophy : Ethics And Ethics1935 Words   |  8 Pagesconstructive definition can be formed from these types of discussions. This phenomenon appears most often during in depth discussions of time, probability, and ethics. During this paper I will be focusing upon the last of these three topics. By exploring the three fields of ethical philosophy—metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics—and establishing how they connect with one another, will enable us to b etter understand the purpose behind ethical reasoning. It is important to explore this fieldRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Encyclopedia Of Philosophy950 Words   |  4 Pagesfind myself basing most of my decisions off of is aretology, also referred to as virtue ethics. Aretology is defined by Lovin as â€Å"a system of thinking about ethics that centers on virtues.† Unlike deontology and teleology, which only focus on either rules or goals, aretology combines both rules and goals making it a good basis for ethical decisions. The Stanford of Encyclopedia of Philosophy defines virtue ethics as an ethical approach â€Å"that emphasizes the virtues, or moral character, in contrast toRead MoreEthics and Political Philosophy1749 Words   |  7 PagesEthics and Political Philosophy PEC 3 Gabriel Benavides Escriva Hans Jonas, The changed nature of human action This chapter, which is the subject of our study is the first book The principle of responsibility: ethics test for technological civilization, and is titled, The changed character of human action. Hans Jonas studied in this chapter, the changes that have occurred in the history of mankind by emphasizing technological vocation of homo sapiens and what this means fromRead MoreThe Ethics And Moral Philosophy2153 Words   |  9 PagesAccording to the online guide to ethics and moral philosophy, â€Å"Utilitarianism is a normative ethical theory that places the focus of right and wrong solely on the outcomes (consequences) of choosing on action/policy over other actions/policies. As such, it moves beyond the scope of one’s own interests and takes into account the interests of others† (Online n.d). In simpler vernacular, utilitarianism is the view that the morally right action is the action that increases utility or does the most goodRead MorePhilosophy and Ethics on the Field1689 Words   |  7 PagesPhilosophy and Ethics My coaching philosophy will be based on athlete safety regardless off or on the field, player development not just in sport, but in themselves as a person and through education, and well-being of the athlete such as their responsibility if you were to play sport. When you are playing sport is the same thing as learning in school, you must have a positive behavior to everyone in your team and classroom. Also, if you are to play sport for the school you must do well in schoolRead MoreEthics and Related Philosophies4468 Words   |  18 PagesI. DEFINITION OF ETHICS Rushworth Kidder  states that standard definitions of  ethics  have typically included such phrases as the science of the ideal human character or the science of moral duty . Ethics, sometimes known as  philosophical ethics,  ethical theory,  moral theory, and  moral philosophy, is a branch ofphilosophy  that involves systematizing, defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong  conduct, often addressing disputes of  moral diversity.  The term comes from the Greek wordRead MoreEssay Ethics and Moral Philosophies1563 Words   |  7 PagesEthical and Moral Philosophies Ashford University May 20, 2013 Introduction The inner works of a successful business is based on the values and beliefs of its owner. In comparison to a family, the owner may be considered the matriarch and employees considered sons and daughters. Based on that assumption, the responsibility for success and prosperity lie solely on the leader. Family success is based on the philosophy of values and morals of its matriarch that are passed down to the childrenRead MoreEthics And Moral Philosophies Of Organizations783 Words   |  4 PagesEthics and Moral Philosophies The majority of organizations have an obligation to build and operate their business with strong moral principles. Leaders should have the confidence and be comfortable with their decision to move their organization in a particular direction. Whether your company is taking a new direction or not, one of the many moral philosophies to apply is that of privacy. To be accountable by rules and concepts that prevent others access to employee actions and communicationRead MorePhilosophy: Epictetus and Ethics751 Words   |  3 PagesPeople cannot control where they are born, the color of their skin, or who their parents are. They can control how they conduct themselves and the actions they take. Ethics encompass morality and the principles of right and wrong. In order for society to prosper we need ethical people working together toward a goal of integrity and compassion. Everyone has circumstances in their lives that they can and cannot control and knowing that is the key to livi ng in harmony with themselves and others

Consequences of Popular Culture - 1060 Words

Consequences of Popular Culture A Consequence can be defined as, Something that logically or naturally follows from an action or condition. In this matter we are referring to the consequences of Pop Culture towards violence. Violence in general has one meaning, an act of aggression. We will be examining three types of violence in our culture, Domestic violence, Youth violence, and of course Gun violence. We feel that all three of these types of violence have increased in today s society as a consequence of pop culture. Popular culture, or pop culture, is the people s culture that prevails in a modern society. The content of popular culture is determined in large part by industries that disseminate cultural material, for example the†¦show more content†¦We feel this compromise in our culture has only led to consequences as far as violence. Domestic violence generally means, violence or physical abuse directed toward your spouse or domestic partner; usually violence by men against women, but can also includ e other siblings. Domestic violence is caused specifically by the choice to engage in violent or abusive behavior against a partner, sibling or child. A variety of factors can lead to that choice. We feel that the pop culture like rap music takes part in some of the factors that lead to domestic violence. Rap music has a way of sending subliminal messages of degrading your spouse or any women at that. We also include the movie industries as well for example the hit movie Hustle and Flow which had a song called Whoop that Trick and a scene of domestic violence. Films like this can make the minds of people comfortable with the facts of domestic violence, in other words thinking it just happens. It is estimated that every year in the United States, approximately 3 million women are assaulted by their partner. Many of these incidents go unreported to authorities due to the shame and fear associated with domestic violence. In 1998, of the approximately 1.5 million violent crimes commit ted between intimate partners, over 876,000 of the victims were women, and over 835,000 were men. Of the approximately 1,830 murders committed against intimate partners in 1998, 3 out of 4 of the victims wereShow MoreRelatedYouth And The Hip Hop Youth Culture1695 Words   |  7 PagesAustralian Youth Culture Introduction Youth has various definitions. It can be considered as a state of mind, a life stage, or a stage of development. Youth can also be considered as a creation of marketing and a demographic category. Youth cultures as well as subcultures based on the theory or theories applied refer to cultures that in most part comprise of young people as the members. Youth cultures are determined by ways of living and they revolve around peer groups that stress a definitiveRead MoreCultural Theory And Popular Culture1166 Words   |  5 PagesAfter concluding my remaining readings of chapters 7 through 10 from Cultural Theory and Popular Culture, I found my core understanding of the overall theoretical ideas posed by author, John Storey, had become clearer in the rounding up of the semester. Within chapter 7 of the book, popular culture is discussed in relation to issues connected to feminism, gender and sexuality. According to Storey, â€Å"Popular culture has been the object a great deal of feminis t analysis† (pg. 136), and, as previously discussedRead MoreEffects Of Mass Tourism960 Words   |  4 Pagesalways has a positive impact on a country or region Introduction Mass tourism has become more popular than ever because of ease of access to destinations and transportation with the ever-growing influence of social media. Although in a traditional sense, mass tourism itself is not an ideal industry, but it can have varying impacts on a country or region. It can help its environment, highlight its culture and boost its economy. Although it can also have negative outcomes if the country or region hasRead MoreSocial And Economic Factors Of The American Youth889 Words   |  4 Pagesof both influences something, plays a major role in shaping the American youth. Today, society as a whole can notice that our younger generation is focused on popular culture, which defines what one should look like through television, movies, music, etc. The media bombards the American youth with its’ advertising on the popular culture. All these images are engraved in adolescents’ minds, consciously and subconsciously. Based on the statistical data fro m this impact, the American youth is regressingRead More Hip Hop vs. Ethics Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesEthics of The Music Industry Works Cited Not Included Hip-hop culture has been socially labeled as deviant, a counter-culture, un-American because of its lack of moral. Specifically, gangsta rap which glorifies guns, sex, violence, drug use and gang activity has been castigated. This type of rap promotes a nonconformist and rebel adaptive behavior. As a result, it gives hip-hop culture a deviant label. A simple definition of deviance is behavior that does not conform to group-shared norms;Read MoreBecoming Black : Rap And Hip Hop, Race, Gender, Identity, And Politics Of Esl Learning1632 Words   |  7 Pageship-hop be described as revolutionary today? How has rap/hip-hop culture re-appropriated the N-word as an appellation? How has ‘Black Stylized English’ transmitted or revolutionized popular culture? Why has the hip-hop culture transcended ethnic boundaries? In what ways does hip-hop been identified as influential sites in African students’ processes of becoming black? What are the pedagogical inputs that hip-hop has linked to its culture? Was hip-hop part responsible for the youth’s involvement in BarackRead MoreThe Sexual Revolution And The Contraceptive Pill1239 Words   |  5 Pagescultural paradigm shift commonly called Sexual Revolution (History.com Staff). However, the contraceptive pill itself did not have the power to change a culture, it was only an instrument to facilitate a culture in changing itself. It had no power; it only gave people a way to have greater sexual liberties without consequences. So what made the culture want to change? What truly caused the Sexual Revolution? By looking deeper into its root philosophies and causes, the Sexual Revolution can be viewedRead MorePopular Culture is Not the Devil1056 Words   |  5 PagesPopular Culture Is Not The Devil Many people can agree that popular culture is invasive, but the opinions differ on how invasive it actually is and whether it is harmful or beneficial. In David Denby’s Buried Alive: Our Children and the Avalanche of Crud, he clearly states his opinion of popular culture and how it has invaded his home and the attitude of his children. The main source of popular culture according to Denby is the media, which has become â€Å"three-dimensional, inescapable, omnivorousRead MoreMedia Influence On American Culture1563 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican culture. The media is prevalent on every medium, from newspapers, to television, the Internet, and mobile applications. However, the controversial argument of whether American culture is more influenced or more informed by the media still stands. â€Å"American culture† is what I consider to be the social norms, fashion, topics of discussion, current events, and mindsets that are popular within the general American population. T he â€Å"media† to me refers to all forms of news and popular culture fromRead MoreThe Cultural Work Of Pixar897 Words   |  4 Pagesin context, the term â€Å"cultural work† is identified through a framework of looking at how a text is received by a culture, and how that text responds to the said culture. As Tompkins explains, in this view, novels and stories should be studied not because they manage to escape the limitations of their particular time and place, but because they offer powerful examples of the way a culture thinks about itself, articulating and proposing solutions for the problems that shape a particular historical moment

Qualitative Versus Quantitative Methods in Education Research Free Essays

All educational (and other) research falls into two broad methodological categories: qualitative and quantitative (Lincoln Denzin, 1994; Charles, 1998; Merriam, 1998; Holliday, 2001). â€Å"Research that relies on verbal data is called qualitative research, while research that relies on numerical data is called quantitative research [emphasis original]† (Charles, p. 30). We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Versus Quantitative Methods in Education Research or any similar topic only for you Order Now Various opinions exist, depending on one†s viewpoint, experience, or preference, about which of the two major approaches to education research, qualitative or quantitative, is better. In my own opinion, neither quantitative research in education nor qualitative research in education is inherently â€Å"better† or â€Å"worse†; one†s research method must spring from the design and content of the project itself. To decide on one research method or another, based on other reasons, seems to me both artificial and possibly harmful to the project. I believe that both of these methods are inherently, equally useful depending on how and why they are used, and on what is expected from the project by the researcher and others. According to Charles (1998), the original impetus for any educational research project, either qualitative or quantitative, springs from an initial recognition of a particular problem or concern, perhaps previously unidentified or insufficiently researched: A concern is identified for which there is no ready answer. The concern may have arisen because of a need, an interest, or a requirement, or a commissioned work, and may have been present for a long time or may have arisen unexpectedly. For example . . . ducators have identified a disturbing pattern of academic achievement in . . . schools-students from certain ethnic groups seem to progress more rapidly than others, despite the educators† efforts to provide equal educational opportunities for all. (p. 10). We would use qualitative research . . . to investigate and describe the after-school activities of . . . high school students newly arrived from El Salvador. We would try to document carefully who did what, and the data thus obtained would be mostly verbal, acquired through observation, otation, and recording. On the other hand, if we wished to assess the language and mathematics abilities of those same students, we would use quantitative research. . . . administer tests that yield numerical scores we could analyze statistically. (Charles) Qualitative research in education involves using research methods that might include observation; interviewing, or shadowing of research subjects, and/or interpretation of data, from an individual, non-empirical perspective. Quantitative research, on the other hand, uses methods like statistical surveys; questionnaires with results are broken down by percentages, and interpreted on that basis, and other empirical (rather than interpretative) methods. It is also possible, within some education research projects, to combine qualitative and quantitative research into one project, for example, by doing both statistical surveys of minority high school students on their feelings about access to college-preparatory and advanced placement courses, and personal observations of minority students within their high schools. I see considerable merit within both educational research methods, and have read a number of both qualitative and quantitative studies that I have found worthwhile and helpful. Therefore, I believe that it depends on one†s project design, and one†s goals for the project, whether one should select either a quantitative or a qualitative research method, or perhaps a combination of both methods, to best achieve one†s goals for an educational research project. How to cite Qualitative Versus Quantitative Methods in Education Research, Essays

Strategic Management of Australian Dairy-Free-Samples for Student

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management of the Australian Dairy Industry. Answer: Introduction The Australian Dairy industry has contributed massively to the countrys economy with numerous jobs created on dairy farms among other sectors. Indeed, the $13 billion sector is an important cornerstone to the wellbeing of majority of the Australians. According to Gourley et al. (2012), Dairy, in terms of farm gate value has a large export value with approximately 35% of the countrys dairy production exported annually. However, increased international competition particularly from countries such as the U.S and New Zealand means that the sector is currently experiencing a consistent decline (Chapman et al., 2014). This is evident from the closure of some processing plants, and this has weaken the individual ability of such companies to sufficiently pay dairy farmers. As such, this report examines the competitive environment of the Australian dairy industry, and this will entail a special insight into the dairy crisis that has engulfed the country. The report further explores the strategic landscape that will include an analysis of the Porters Five Forces within the Australian Dairy Industry. Moreover the report provides a comprehensive competitive advantage and quantitative analysis of the Australian Dairy industry. Competitive environment: Understanding the Australian dairy crisis The Australian dairy crisis started when the two major processing companies, Murray Goulbun and Fonterra announced unexpected and backdated price cuts. This decision affected most of the Australian farmers especially from the Southern regions whose only source of income had been disrupted (McDowell and Nash, 2012). Most of these farmers relied on the expanding Asian markets especially the Chinese increased demand for powder milk products. Tracing background of the crisis In essence, the Ukraine conflict is directly linked to the global milk crisis that also affected the Australian farmers. This was particularly true after the Malaysian Airlines flight MH17 was allegedly shot down by Russian backed rebels in Crimea killing everybody on board. The result was a protracted trade war which saw Russia slapped with numerous sanctions from the European Union and the U.S (Buys et al., 2014). Russia reacted by banning all imports from Western dairy companies from coming into the country. The Australian dairy farmers were greatly affected by this decision taken by Russian government. This is because milk and dairy products from the European Union and the U.S started flooding markets that were initially dominated by Australian companies. To be precise, dairy products from the EU that were initially branded for the Russian markets had to be rebranded and sold locally and to other new markets such as Asia (Buys et al., 2014). The outcome was a flooded market with dairy products which prompted major processing companies to slash their prices to remain competitive. As a result of the Russian ban of European dairy products, the EU embarked on its long-term objective of eradicating reliance on dairy production by exploring other viable alternatives and substitutes (Von Keyserlingk et al., 2013). The EU also removed the milk quotas further propelling a storm that was already ravaging the Australian dairy industry. The increased stockpiles of cheese and milk powder among other related products meant that production had outstripped demand. Prices of dairy products fell and this meant that farmers were paid less for their commodities. The Chinese market which the Australian farmers targeted also had a stretched supply of dairy products (Lees et al., 2012). Correspondingly, New Zealands decision to halt the building of milk dehydrators and explore other feasible production options further affected the Australian Milk industry (Tiwari et al, 2012). The country reasoned that the reducing global powder milk prices was bad for the economy and could easily affect other sectors if it was not adequately contained. The effects of the Australian milk crisis The immediate effect of the Australian milk crisis was a reduction in farmers incomes with most farmers struggling to keep afloat. Companies such as Murray Goulburn started diversifying into other nutritional product such as soy milk to sustain their competitive advantage (McDowell and Nash, 2012). The company was also forced to cut milk prices for Australian farmers and significantly re-evaluate its profit forecast. Notably, the decision by Murray Goulburn and Fonterra companies to cut prices exerted the biggest blow to the Australian dairy industry. Strategic landscape: Effects of the Porters Five Forces within the Australian Dairy Industry Threat of competitive rivalry There are numerous firms that are currently operating in the Australian dairy industry. As such, there is a comparatively higher level of competitive rivalry in this particular industry. The companies market share vary significantly depending on individual operational prowess among other market factors (Roberts et al., 2012). With the industry recording tremendous growth over the last few decades, dairy companies in the sector must upgrade their products if they are to sustain the fierce global competitions. According to Klerkx and Nettle (2013), most dairy product consumers relates high price to better quality and nutritious products, and companies operating in the industry must comply with such market requirements. Moreover, given the fierce competitive rivalry, most Australian dairy companies are currently focusing on the development of after-sale service, and include setting up free health clubs that provides nutrition information and advice to their consumers among other related consultancy service. Suppliers bargaining power There is relatively higher bargaining power of the suppliers in the Australian dairy industry. This is because most of the dairy farms in the country are specialized and produce in large scale. This implies that farmers can produce larger quantity of milk and control the quality and supply in the country and global markets (McDowell and Nash, 2012). This has strengthened the bargaining power of most farmers operating in this industry. Most of the farmers in the industry also have the requisite management experience, as well as large-scale farms that can facilitate and sustain higher production. Most of the countrys dairy products are consumed locally, and this has really plummeted the growth of the industry (Cary and Roberts, 2011). With the increase in demand for Australian milk products from some Asia countries, the industrys competitive capacity especially in the global markets is set to improve. Moreover, most companies in the industry possess the inherent ability to control milk purchase contracts based on quality and quantity of their dairy products (Roberts et al., 2012). However, the recent dairy crisis in the country have exposed the local dairy industry in a flaccid position that if not adequately addressed will significantly affect the industrys long-term survival. The consumers bargaining power Consumers in the Australian dairy industry have higher bargaining power. This can be accredited to the large number of companies that are currently operating in the industry (McDowell and Nash, 2012). Also, there are numerous dairy products that are available in the market soaring the consumers options. Most dairy product consumers are not swayed by commodity prices. Quality, product variation and the power of the brand are some of the most important consumer purchase determinants (Nettle, Brightling and Hope, 2013). The industry also have numerous direct customers such as dairy products distribution agents, pharmaceutical stores and nutrition clubs in most parts of Australia (Roberts et al., 2012). These are some of the important players that are significantly influencing the purchase decisions of some consumers (Henry et al., 2012). The numerous dairy product distribution points have further expanded consumer options strengthening their respective bargaining powers. Substitute products Dairy products remains to be an instrumental nutritional supplement that is relatively hard to substitute. As such, the threat of alternative nutritious products is medium. The only threat to the Australian dairy industry is the control of global market share given the increase in global competitions. Also, other products such as soy milk and cereal beverages such as cocoa and coffee possess serious market threat to liquid dairy products (Cary and Roberts, 2011). New market entrants Venturing into the dairy industry requires large capital investment and adherence to strict operational standards. For example, large capital is required to facilitate Moreover, companies operating in the industry are majorly characterised by stability in growth, higher profits and larger market shares. As such, any company willing to venture into this market must be ready to overcome such aggressive market competition and requirements (Roberts et al., 2012). The industry stresses mostly on product quality, therefore, capturing customer loyalty may prove difficult especially for new competitors. Correspondingly, most of the production and distribution channels in the Australian dairy market are full. This implies that new market entrants must invest heavily to gain some control of the market that is currently dominated by firms such as Murray Goulburn and Fonterra farmer. Competitive Advantage Quantitative Analysis The Australian Dairy industry is greatly affected by international competition. The table below shows the world dairy industry production from 2013-2016. Global production of dairy products is currently up with the production growth estimated to increase especially in from developed countries. 2013 2014 2015 2016 Total production output (millions tons) 700.1 652.4 723.1 699.6 Total trade volume (millions tons) 50.4 41.5 40.4 53.4 Demand of developing nations (kg/person/year) 66.5 67.8 71.5 63.7 Demand of developed countries (kg/person/year) 246 214 256.2 245 During the 2015 Australian dairy crisis, there was an increase in production and supply of daily products, but the consumption of such products was limited especially in Russia (Bardsley and Pech, 2012). The table below also shows the contribution and position of the Australian dairy industry both locally and in the global markets. Total number of dairy farms 6,400 Number of people employed on farms 24,750 Number of people employed in processing firms 19,000 People working directly working dairy 43,750 Share of national milk production 100% Total value of milk leaving farms $3.8 m Contribution of the dairy farms to the Australian economy $2.9 b Value of dairy products exported $2.8b Volume of dairy products exported 800000 tonnes Notably, Australia contribute approximately 6% of the global milk production with the U.S, European Union and New Zealand leading the pack. Most of Australias dairy products are sold locally given its relatively large local consumer base (McDowell and Nash, 2012). Also, the country export most of its products to some parts of Asia, the Americas, EU and Africa. The country also receives dairy products imports especially cheese from the U.S and New Zealand exposing the industry to global competition. Furthermore, the most popular dairy product that are locally consumed include milk, cheese, butter and yoghurt as shown in the table below. Dairy product Consumption per capita Milk 102 litres Cheese 13 kg Butter 4 kg Yoghurt 7 kg Overall, the Australian dairy industry is experiencing considerable amount of competitive pressure particularly on these locally consumed products given the increase in international competition (Roberts et al., 2012). The table below shows some of the major export markets that Australia exports to approximately 50% of its milk and dairy products. Region % exported Americas 5% Africa 4% Middle East 10% Europe 2% South East Asia 30% Japan 19% Other parts of Asia 24% The figure above also shows that the Australian dairy products are majorly exported. This can be accredited to intense domestic competitions and lower local prices (Nettle, Brightling and Hope, 2013). However, being a relatively liberal sector, the Australian dairy industry has for a very long time been able to brace global competitions. This can be accredited to the countrys efficient production methods and development of strong herd genetics with comparatively high milk production (McDowell and Nash, 2012). Therefore, the industry is poised for strong export growth given the increasing demand for dairy products from some countries in Asia. Australia is currently the third largest exporter of dairy products after the EU and New Zealand with about 10% global market share. By country, Australias major export destinations include China and Malaysia. Conclusion In general, the future of the Australian dairy industry is relatively bright especially the increased demand for powder milk in most parts of Asia. Indeed, the industry is poised to capitalize on the glowing international demand, and this will further facilitate the growth of the industry and general economy of Australia. Even though the infamous Australian dairy crisis greatly affected operations in the industry, the government and other related agencies response to the crisis has been impressive. The industry is still relatively volatile given that it is still recovering from the crisis and this is hurting consumer and investor confidence References Arvanitoyannis, I.S. (2010) Waste management for the food industries. Academic Press. Bardsley, D.K. and Pech, P. (2012) Defining spaces of resilience within the neoliberal paradigm: could French land use classifications guide support for risk management within an Australian regional context?, Human ecology,40(1), pp.129-143. Buys, L., Mengersen, K., Johnson, S., van Buuren, N. and Chauvin, A. (2014) Creating a Sustainability Scorecard as a predictive tool for measuring the complex social, economic and environmental impacts of industries, a case study: Assessing the viability and sustainability of the dairy industry, Journal of environmental management,133, pp.184-192. Cary, J. and Roberts, A. (2011) The limitations of environmental management systems in Australian agriculture, Journal of Environmental Management,92(3), pp.878-885. Chapman, D.F., Hill, J., Tharmaraj, J., Beca, D., Kenny, S.N. and Jacobs, J.L. (2014) Increasing home-grown forage consumption and profit in non-irrigated dairy systems. 1. Rationale, systems design and management, Animal Production Science,54(3), pp.221-233. Chapman, D.F., Kenny, S.N. and Lane, N. (2011) Pasture and forage crop systems for non-irrigated dairy farms in southern Australia: 3. Estimated economic value of additional home-grown feed, Agricultural Systems,104(8), pp.589-599. Cuganesan, S., Guthrie, J. and Ward, L. (2010) Examining CSR disclosure strategies within the Australian food and beverage industry, InAccounting Forum(Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 169-183). Elsevier. Gourley, C.J., Dougherty, W.J., Weaver, D.M., Aarons, S.R., Awty, I.M., Gibson, D.M., Hannah, M.C., Smith, A.P. and Peverill, K.I. (2012) Farm-scale nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur balances and use efficiencies on Australian dairy farms, Animal Production Science,52(10), pp.929-944. Henry, B., Charmley, E., Eckard, R., Gaughan, J.B. and Hegarty, R. (2012) Livestock production in a changing climate: adaptation and mitigation research in Australia, Crop and Pasture Science,63(3), pp.191-202. Kaine, G. and Cowan, L. (2011) Using general systems theory to understand how farmers manage variability, Systems Research and Behavioral Science,28(3), pp.231-244. Klerkx, L. and Nettle, R. (2013) Achievements and challenges of innovation co-production support initiatives in the Australian and Dutch dairy sectors: a comparative study, Food Policy,40, pp.74-89. Lee, J.M., Matthew, C., Thom, E.R. and Chapman, D.F. (2012) Perennial ryegrass breeding in New Zealand: a dairy industry perspective, Crop and Pasture Science,63(2), pp.107-127. Massoud, M.A., Fayad, R., El-Fadel, M. and Kamleh, R. (2010) Drivers, barriers and incentives to implementing environmental management systems in the food industry: A case of Lebanon, Journal of Cleaner Production,18(3), pp.200-209. McDowell, R.W. and Nash, D. (2012) A review of the cost-effectiveness and suitability of mitigation strategies to prevent phosphorus loss from dairy farms in New Zealand and Australia, Journal of Environmental Quality,41(3), pp.680-693. McLachlan, R. (2013) Deep and Persistent Disadvantage in Australia-Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper, Nettle, R., Brightling, P. and Hope, A. (2013) How programme teams progress agricultural innovation in the Australian dairy industry, The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension,19(3), pp.271-290. Nettle, R., Paine, M. and Penry, J. (2010) Aligning farm decision making and genetic information systems to improve animal production: methodology and findings from the Australian dairy industry, Animal Production Science,50(6), pp.429-434. Rad, S.J. and Lewis, M.J. (2014) Water utilisation, energy utilisation and waste water management in the dairy industry: a review, International Journal of Dairy Technology,67(1), pp.1-20. Roberts, A.M., Pannell, D.J., Doole, G. and Vigiak, O. (2012) Agricultural land management strategies to reduce phosphorus loads in the Gippsland Lakes, Australia, Agricultural Systems,106(1), pp.11-22. Tiwari, J., Babra, C., Tiwari, H., Williams, V., De Wet, S., Gibson, J., Paxman, A., Morgan, E., Costantino, P., Sunagar, R. and Isloor, S. (2013) Trends in therapeutic and prevention strategies for management of bovine mastitis: an overview, Journal of Vaccines Vaccination,4(1), pp.1-11. Von Keyserlingk, M.A.G., Martin, N.P., Kebreab, E., Knowlton, K.F., Grant, R.J., Stephenson, M., Sniffen, C.J., Harner, J.P., Wright, A.D. and Smith, S.I. (2013) Invited review: Sustainability of the US dairy industry, Journal of dairy science,96(9), pp.5405-5425.